How do I change the same column of text across multiple lines at once?

Explanation

Visual block mode's change command lets you replace a rectangular column of text across multiple lines in a single operation. Select a block with <C-v>, extend it vertically and horizontally, then press c to delete the block and enter insert mode. Whatever you type replaces the selected column on every line when you press <Esc>.

How it works

• <C-v> enters visual block mode
• Use motions like j, k, l, h, w, e, f{char} to shape the rectangular selection
• c deletes the selected block and enters insert mode on the first line
• Type your replacement text
• Press <Esc> — Vim applies the same replacement to every line in the block selection

The replacement text appears on only the first line while you are typing. The multi-line effect is applied the moment you press <Esc>.

Example

Given the text:

var alpha = 1;
var beta = 2;
var gamma = 3;
var delta = 4;

To change var to let on all four lines: place the cursor on the v of the first var, press <C-v>3je to select the word var on all four lines, then press c, type let, and press <Esc>:

let alpha = 1;
let beta = 2;
let gamma = 3;
let delta = 4;

All four lines are changed simultaneously.

Tips

• Use <C-v> with f{char} to select up to a specific character: <C-v>3jf= selects from the cursor to the = on each line
• If the replacement text is shorter or longer than the selected block, Vim adjusts each line accordingly
• Use r{char} instead of c to replace every character in the block with a single character without entering insert mode
• <C-v>jjjI inserts at the left edge of the block, while <C-v>jjjA appends at the right edge — use c when you want to replace the selected area
• The change only appears on the first line while typing — don't worry, all lines update when you press <Esc>
• Combine with o in visual block mode to toggle the cursor to the opposite corner of the selection, useful for adjusting the block before pressing c